Exploring the Ways Arabic as a Foreign Language (AFL) Teachers Target Students’ Critical Thinking

Abdelhamid Nfissi, Jaouhara Elmzandi, Soukaina Laayadi

Abstract


Bloom’s taxonomy was created in 1956 by the educational psychologist Dr. Benjamin Bloom. It was created to promote higher-order thinking skills in the field of education, such as analyzing and evaluating concepts, procedures, and principles, rather than just retrieving facts. As a result, language teachers have access to varied ways to trigger and prompt students’ critical thinking by targeting their higher-order thinking skills. This qualitative research project explores how Moroccan AFL (Arabic as a Foreign Language) teachers target students’ critical thinking. This project focuses on the extent to which Moroccan AFL teachers trigger learners’ higher-order thinking skills, as well as the ways they target them. The research involved the observation of two lessons in a center of teaching Arabic as a foreign language. Three themes emerged from the data and were analysed: First, adopting the role of critical thinking, namely the role of a guide and mediator, not as a teacher of knowledge. Second, using two ways of motivation: positive comments and repeating students' answers. Third, implement activities and questions that help students not to take things for granted.

 

Mengeksplorasi Cara Guru Pelajaran Arab sebagai Bahasa Asing (AFL) Menargetkan Pemikiran Kritis Siswa.Taksonomi Bloom yang diciptakan pada tahun 1956 Benjamin Bloom, psikolog pendidikan, bertujuan untuk mempromosikan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi di bidang pendidikan, seperti menganalisis dan mengevaluasi konsep, prosedur, dan prinsip, bukan hanya mengambil fakta. Akibatnya, guru bahasa memiliki akses ke pelbagai cara untuk memicu dan mendorong pemikiran kritis siswa dengan menargetkan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi mereka. Penelitian kualitatif ini mengeksplorasi bagaimana guru pelajaran Arab sebagai Bahasa Asing (AFL) Maroko menargetkan pemikiran kritis siswa, sehingga penelitian ini terfokus pada sejauh mana guru AFL Maroko memicu keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi peserta didik, serta cara mereka menargetkannya. Penelitian ini melibatkan observasi terhadap dua pelajaran di pusat pengajaran bahasa Arab sebagai bahasa asing. Penelitian ini menunjukkan cara seorang guru AFL Maroko menargetkan pemikiran kritis siswa; Pertama, mengadopsi peran berpikir kritis, yaitu peran sebagai pembimbing dan mediator, bukan sebagai guru sumber ilmu. Kedua, menggunakan dua cara motivasi, yaitu penggunaan komentar positif dan pengulangan jawaban peserta didik. Ketiga, menerapkan aktivitas dan pertanyaan yang membantu siswa untuk tidak menerima begitu saja.


Keywords


Behaviour; Critical Thinking; Moroccan Teachers; Motivation; Teaching Arabic.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Conklin, W. (2011). Higher Order Thinking Skills to Develop 21st Century Learners.

Facione, P. A. (2000). The disposition toward critical thinking: Its character, measurement, and relation to critical thinking skill. Informal Logic, 20(1), 61–84.

Halpern, D. F. (1998). Teaching critical thinking for transfer across domains: Dispositions, skills, structure training, and metacognitive monitoring. American Psychologist, 53(4), 449–455.

Itmeizeh, M., & Hassan, A. (2020). New Approaches to Teaching Critical Thinking Skills through a New EFL Curriculum. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 24(07).

Liaw, M. (2007, Summer). Content-Based Reading and Writing for Critical Thinking Skills in an EFL Context [Scholarly project]. Retrieved from http://www.airitilibrary.com. Retrieved February 13, 2017.

Lorencová, H., Jarošová, E., Avgitidou, S., & Dimitriadou, C. (2019). Critical thinking practices in teacher education programs: a systematic review. Studies in Higher Education, 44(5), 844-859.

Mclnerney and Etten. (2001). Research on Sociocultural Influences on Motivation and Learning, Volume 1.

Riazi, A. M. (2010, March). Evaluation of Learning Objectives in Iranian High-School and Pre-University English Textbooks Using Bloom’sTaxonomy (Master's thesis, Macquarie University, Australia, 2010). TESL-EJ, 13(4). Retrieved February 13, 2017.

Shirkhani, S., & Fahim, M. (2011). Enhancing critical thinking in foreign language learners. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 29, 111-115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.11.214

Smyth, J. (2000). "Reclaiming Social Capital through Critical Teaching". The Elementary School Journal, vol. 100 no. 5,p. 507.

Zhao, C., Pandian, A., & Singh, M. K. M. (2016). Instructional Strategies for Developing Critical Thinking in EFL Classrooms. English Language Teaching, 9(10), 14-21.

www.edglossary.org/critical-thinking/




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/quality.v11i1.18880

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 QUALITY

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License


Quality Journal by Pascasarjana IAIN Kudus is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.