Formulation and Nutritional Evaluation of Non-Soy Tempeh for Science Learning within a Halalan Thayyiban Framework
Abstract
The decline in domestic soybean production has increased Indonesia’s dependence on imports, creating the need to explore local non-soy raw materials to support sustainable food security. This study aims to formulate and analyze non-soy tempeh as an alternative to soybean tempeh and to examine its potential as a contextual learning resource in science education on the topic of nutrition, while considering the halalan thayyiban concept. The research was conducted in two stages: formulation of non-soy tempeh, proximate analysis of rain tree seed tempeh, and a literature review on the nutritional content of various types of non-soy tempeh and their potential as science learning resources aligned with halalan thayyiban principles. The results show that each type of non-soy tempeh has distinct nutritional characteristics and potential as a protein-rich fermented food alternative to soybean tempeh. From the halalan thayyiban perspective, the production process emphasizes nutritional value, cleanliness, safety, and compliance with halal food principles. The use of local ingredients also promotes independence and strengthens food security. In conclusion, non-soy tempeh is a nutritious and halalan thayyiban-compliant food that has potential as a contextual learning resource in science education.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Adebo, J. A., Berka Njobeh, P., Gbashi, S., Oyedeji, A. B., Mayowa Ogundele, O., Oyeyinka, S. A., & Adebo, O. A. (2022). Fermentation des céréales et des légumineuses : impact sur les constituants nutritionnels et la biodisponibilité des nutriments. Fermentation, 1–57. https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/8/2/63
Adeyele, V. O. (2023). Inquiry-Based Science Approach In Kindergarten: A Systematic Review. AL- MUDARRIS, 6(2), 160–179. https://doi.org/10.32478/al-mudarris.v%vi%i.1853 Article
Ahnan-Winarno, A. D., Cordeiro, L., Winarno, F. G., Gibbons, J., & Xiao, H. (2021). Tempeh: A semicentennial review on its health benefits, fermentation, safety, processing, sustainability, and affordability. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 20(2), 1717–1767. https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12710
Akil, M., Ali, M., Syahadah, N., & Riza, M. (2023). Food Safety in Halalan Tayyiban Discourse According to Mufassirin. 13(10), 210–219. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v13-i8/17531
Andaka, G., Oka Nareswary, P., Budilaksana, F., & Trishadi, D. E. (2017). Pemanfaatan Limbah Biji Nangka sebagai Bahan Alternatif dalam Pembuatan Tempe. Prosiding Seminar Nasional ReTII. 2017, 866–870.
Andrews, D., van Lieshout, E., & Kaudal, B. B. (2023). How, Where, And When Do Students Experience Meaningful Learning? International Journal of Innovation in Science and Mathematics Education, 31(3), 28–45. https://doi.org/10.30722/IJISME.31.03.003
Astiwara, E. M. (2025). Healthy Living in Islam: The Principle of Halal and Its Implications for Health. Endless: International Journal of Future Studies, 8(1), 71–85. https://doi.org/10.54783/endlessjournal.v8i1.324
Azrini, N., Azmi, N., Noor, N. M., Elgharbawy, A., & Darmawan, N. (2024). Combining science and faith for better quality and safety in halalan toyyiban products. 1(3), 12–14.
Bao, L., Koenig, K., Xiao, Y., Fritchman, J., Zhou, S., & Chen, C. (2022). Theoretical model and quantitative assessment of scientific thinking and reasoning. Physical Review Physics Education Research, 18(1), 10115. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevPhysEducRes.18.010115
Canning, A. D. (2022). Rediscovering wild food to diversify production across Australia ’ s agricultural landscapes. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2022.865580
Chusni, M. M., Saputro, S., Surant, S., & Rahardjo, S. B. (2022). Enhancing Critical Thinking Skills of Junior High School Students through Discovery-Based Multiple Representations Learning Model. International Journal of Instruction, 15(1), 927–945. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2022.15153a
Dong, L., Fang, C., Cheng, Q., Su, T., Kou, K., Kong, L., Zhang, C., Li, H., Hou, Z., Zhang, Y., Chen,
L., Yue, L., Wang, L., Wang, K., Li, Y., Gan, Z., Yuan, X., Weller, J. L., Lu, S., … Liu, B. (2021). Genetic basis and adaptation trajectory of soybean from its temperate origin to tropics. Nature Communications, 2021, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25800-3
Dwiatmaka, Y., Yuniarti, N., Lukitaningsih, E., & Wahyuono, S. (2022). Fermentation of Soybean Seeds Using Rhizopus Oligosporus for Tempeh Production and Standardization Based on Isoflavones Content. International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 14(6), 131–136. https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2022v14i6.43785
FAO. (2025). Soybean. https://www.fao.org/land-water/databases-and-software/crop- information/soybean/en
Gede, I. K., Surita, A., Adi, I. G., & Winata, S. (2025). Organoleptic Test of the Quality of Sweet Soy Sauce Made from Turi Seeds. 3(1), 177–192.
Gullian Klanian, M., & Osorio Di Gianluca, S. (2024). Tempeh source of vegetable protein: nutritional composition and health benefits. Boletim Do Centro de Pesquisa de Processamento de Alimentos, 40(2), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.5380/bceppa.v40i2.85340
Hartantie, K., Susilowati, E., Sutrisno, A. D., & Sumartini, S. (2020). EFFECT OF SOYBEAN (Glycine max) AND LUPIN (Lupinusangustifolius) RATIOS STARTER TYPES, AND BOTH INTERACTIONS ON CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBSTITUTED TEMPEH. Jurnal
Pertanian, 11(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.30997/jp.v11i1.2036
Hartman, A., & Squires, V. (2024). Bridging Perspectives: Utilizing Interpretative Phenomenological
Analysis (IPA) to Inform and Enhance Social Interventions. International Journal of Qualitative Methods , 23, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069241306284
Hasanah, A. I., Fauziah, R., & Kurniawan, R. R. (2021). Konsep Makanan Halal dan Thayyib dalam Perspektif Al-Qur’an. Ulumul Qur’an: Jurnal Ilmu AlQur’an Dan Tafsir, 10.
Herlina, V. T., & Setiarto, R. H. B. (2025). Unveiling the cultural tradition and science of Indonesian fermented ethnic soybean paste : tauco. Journal of Ethnic Foods, January. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42779-024-00263-1
Hertel, T., Eloua, I., Tanticharoen, M., & Ewert, F. (2021). Diversi fi cation for Enhanced Food Systems Resilience. 207–215.
Hill, R. de. (2011). Anti-Diarrhoeal aspect of fermented soya beans. https://doi.org/10.5772/17997 Hulu, A. (2023). Studi Inovasi Strategi Kebijakan Percepatan Pencapaian Swasembada Kedelai
Indonesia Tahun Study of Policy Innovation Strategy to Accelerate. 7, 13–23.
Ishartani, D., Mustika Sari, A., Nursiwi, A., & Zukhrufuz Zaman, M. (2019). Teknologi Tepat Guna PENDAMPINGAN UKM TEMPE MLANDING DI DESA PESIDO, KECAMATAN JATIROTO, WONOGIRI (Vol. 2).
Kadar, A. D., Astawan, M., Putri, S. P., & Fukusaki, E. (2020). Metabolomics based study of the effect of raw materials to the end product of tempe—an indonesian fermented soybean. Metabolites, 10(9), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo10090367
Kamboj, R., & Nanda, V. (2018). Proximate composition, nutritional profile and health benefits of legumes – A review. Legume Research, 41(3), 325–332. https://doi.org/10.18805/LR-3748
Kashim, M. I. A. M., Majid, L. A., Adnan, A. H. M., Husni, A. B. M., Nasohah, Z., Samsudin, M. A., & Yahaya, M. Z. (2015). Principles regarding the use of Haram (Forbidden) sources in food processing: A critical Islamic analysis. Asian Social Science, 11(22), 17–25. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v11n22p17
Kementerian Pertanian. (2019). Outlook Kedelai Komoditas Pertanian Subsektor Tanaman Pangan. Keputusan Kepala Badan Standar, Kurikulum, Dan Asesmen Pendidikan Kementerian Pendidikan,
Kebudayaan, Riset, Dan Teknologi., 1 (2022).
Khosyiati, N. E., Setiawan, R. J., Ma, K., & Azizah, N. (2024). Lotus Seed Tempeh Innovation to Increase Local Food Availability Through Sustainable Alternatives. 05(01), 33–41. https://doi.org/10.21070/jtfat.v5i01.1621
Kristiadi, O. H., & Lunggani, A. T. (2022). TEMPE KACANG KEDELAI SEBAGAI PANGAN FERMENTASI UNGGULAN KHAS INDONESIA : LITERATURE REVIEW Tempeh as
Indonesian Special Fermented Food : Literature Review. 2(2), 48–56.
Kustyawati, M. E., Pratama, F., Saputra, D., & Wijaya, A. (2018). Viability of Molds and Bacteria in Tempeh Processed with Supercritical Carbon Dioxides during Storage. International Journal of Food Science, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8591015
Lestari, O. A., & Mayasari, E. (2016). Potensi Gizi Tempe Berbahan Dasar Jagung. Jurnal Ilmiah Teknosains, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.26877/jitek.v2i2/nov.1202
Londoño, S. P. (2024). Agricultural and Biological Sciences Diversification of cropping systems to improve national food security Diversificación de los sistemas de cultivo para mejorar la seguridad alimentaria nacional. February. https://doi.org/10.54502/msuceva.v3n2a7
Mandalawi, A. A. K. H. Al. (2024). Innovative teaching methods enhancing engagement and learning outcomes Dr. Al- Iraqa Foundation for Culture and Development, 3(3), 1–5.
Marwanti. (2011). Kemanan pangan dan penyelenggaraan makanan. Adicita Karya.
Micabalo, K. G., Gimena, J. A. F., Biore, C., Llamedo, E. E., Abella, I. E., Siaton, A. G., & Cano, J.
B. (2024). Sustainable Agricultural Practices and Their Effects on Environmental Quality and Economic Viability in Central Visayas , Philippines. 13(1), 38–46.
Mishra, T., Machireddy, J., & Vuppu, S. (2024). Comprehensive Study on Hygiene and Quality Assessment Practices in the Production of Drinkable Dairy-Based and Plant-Based Fermented Products. Fermentation, 10(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10090489
Miswanto, A., & Musaffa, M. U. A. (2023). Investigating Al-Istihalah in the Provisions of Shariah Texts: A Study on Models of Transformation from Impure (Najis) to Pure (Halal) Substances, or Vice Versa. Az-Zarqa’: Jurnal Hukum Bisnis Islam, 15(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.14421/azzarqa.v15i1.2731
Nadilla, N., & Raida, S. A. (2025). Analisis Pengetahuan Ilmiah Proses Pembuatan Lentog Tanjung sebagai Objek Pembelajaran IPA dalam Upaya Pengenalan Literasi Sains dan Budaya. Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan IPA, 5(2), 119–132.
Nur’ariyani, S., Jumyati, J., Yuliyanti, Y., Nulhakim, L., & Leksono, S. M. (2023). Scientific Approach to Learning Science in Elementary Schools. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(8), 6659–6666. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i8.3680
Radiati, A. R. (2016). Analisis Sifat Fisik, Sifat Organoleptik, dan Kandungan Gizi pada Produk Tempe dari Kacang Non-Kedelai. Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan, 5(1), 16–22. https://doi.org/10.17728/jatp.v5i1.32
Raida, S. A., & Immadudin, M. (2025). Analisa Potensi Booklet Inventarisasi Alat Peraga Halal Culinary art Pada Jajanan Tradisional Sebagai Bahan Ajar Materi Sistem Organ IPA SMP.
(1). https://doi.org/10.59818/jpi.v5i1.1303
Raida, S. A., Wardhani, I. Y., & Kharisa, A. D. (2025). Analysis of Ethnostem Content in Making Jenang Kudus A Science Learning Resource for Junior High School Students. 2(1), 32–47.
Raya, J., & City, P. R. (2024). Available Online at : https://journal.aripafi.or.id/index.php/ARDHI. Ristia, E., Daningsih, E., & Nurdini, A. (2014). Perbandingan Kadar Gizi Tempe Biji Nangka dan
Tempe Kedelai. Artikel Penelitian. Jurusan Biologi FKIP Universitas Tanjungpura.
Ruf, A., Ahrenholtz, I., & Matthé, S. (2019). 18 18.1. In Inquiry-Based Learning – Undergraduate Research (pp. 193–204).
Sadat, A., Nurunnabi, M., Rahim, R., Alo, D., Mamun, A. Al, Kaiser, M., Mohammad, T., & Sultana,
F. (2022). Experiential Learning in Clinical Education Guided by the Kolb’s Experiential Learning Theory. International Journal of Human and Health Sciences, 06(02), 155–160.
Salamon, H. Bin. (2021). Halalan Tayyiba: An Islamic Perspective on Healthy Food. Revista Gestão Inovação e Tecnologias, 11(2), 1001–1014. https://doi.org/10.47059/revistageintec.v11i2.1732 Sedibe, M. M., Mofokeng, A. M., & Masvodza, D. R. (2023). Soybean Production, Constraints, and Future Prospects in Poorer Countries: A Review. In Production and Utilization of Legumes -
Progress and Prospects (pp. 1–15).
Simeonova, K. (2024). Subject Teaching Contextual Education of Student Teachers. Pedagogical Almanac, 32(2), 171–178. https://doi.org/10.54664/bvwv5882
Sirait, J., Siregar, A. N., Mayangsari, T. P., & Sipahutar, Y. H. (2022). Penerapan Good Manufacturing Practice (Gmp) Dan Sanitasion Standard Operation Procedures (SSOP) Pada Pengolahan Fillet Ikan Kerapu (Epinephelus sp) BEKU. Marlin, 3(1), 43. https://doi.org/10.15578/marlin.v3.i1.2022.43-53
Smadi, S. M., & Al-friehat, H. M. (2017). The Importance and Role of Students ’ Activities in the Educational Learning Process. 8(23), 187–194.
SNI 3144. (2009). Tempe kedelai.
Suhirman, S. (2018). Pengelolaan Sumber Belajar Dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Peserta Didik. Al Fitrah: Journal Of Early Childhood Islamic Education, 2(1), 159. https://doi.org/10.29300/alfitrah.v2i1.1513
Sungit, F., & Abdullah, M. (2022). Concepts And Practices Of Halalan Tayyiban In The Islamic Concepts And Practices Of Halalan Tayyiban In The Islamic Manufacturing Practice (IM ): An Analysis From Syariah. Article. Department of Syariah, Faculty of Syariah and Law, International Islamic University College of Selangor (KUIS) Malaysia
Teoh, S. Q., Chin, N. L., Chong, C. W., Ripen, A. M., How, S., & Lim, J. J. L. (2024). A review on health benefits and processing of tempeh with outlines on its functional microbes. Future Foods, 9(March), 100330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fufo.2024.100330
Wisniewski, B., & Zierer, K. (2021). Functions and Success Conditions of Student Feedback in the Development of Teaching and Teachers. Student Feedback on Teaching in Schools: Using Student Perceptions for the Development of Teaching and Teachers, 125–138. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75150-0_8
Wisudawati, A. W., & Sulistyowati, E. (2017). Metodologi Pembelajaran IPA. Bumi Aksara.
Yang, B., Tang, C., Shi, Z., & Gao, L. (2023). Association of Macronutrients Intake with Body Composition and Sarcopenic Obesity in Children and Adolescents: A Population-Based Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2018.
Nutrients, 15(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15102307
Zwinkels, J., Wolkers-Rooijackers, J., & Smid, E. J. (2023). Solid-state fungal fermentation transforms low-quality plant-based foods into products with improved protein quality. Lwt, 184(July), 114979. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114979
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/jobe.v8i2.33823
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Jobe Journal Indexed by :

