Identification of Gram-Negative Bacteria in Diabetic Ulcers of Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Daha Husada Kediri General Hospital
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease often complicated by diabetic ulcers, which may be exacerbated by nosocomial infections caused by pyogenic bacteria. This study aimed to identify Gram-negative bacteria in diabetic ulcers among patients with diabetes mellitus. This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design to identify Gram-negative bacteria isolated from diabetic ulcer wounds. The research was conducted in the Bacteriology Laboratory of Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata, Kediri, East Java, Indonesia. This descriptive study used a total sampling technique with 22 samples. Wound swabs were cultured on EMB agar, followed by biochemical tests (Indole, MR-VP, Citrate, TSIA) and Gram staining. The results showed the presence of Gram-negative bacteria, namely Escherichia coli (59.1%), Klebsiella sp. (31.8%), and Proteus sp. (9.1%). The predominance of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp. suggests that Gram-negative pathogens play a major role in moderate to severe diabetic ulcer infections (grade 3–4). These findings highlight that Escherichia coli was the most dominant Gram-negative bacterium, indicating its significant role in diabetic ulcer infections in this hospital setting.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/jobe.v8i2.30996
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