NEGARA, PEMERINTAHAN DAN INSTITUSI POLITIK ISLAM (Perspektif Kajian Fiqih Siyasah)

Abstract

The fundamental issue for Moeslims in the development of Islamic politics is how to integrate theory and practice of siyah syariyyah, or the least minimizing the gap between theory and practice, since historical fact showed that during the time of Khulfaurrasyidin, siyah syariyyah was seen as something normative, and has stagnated for a long time. Something that should be emulated from political practice of the era of the Prophet and Khulafaurrasyidin are the spirit and success in combining theory and practice of siyah syariyyah. History shows that the initial state of Medina believed by the majority of Moeslims have demonstrated coherent unity bertween theory and practice of siyah syariyyah. There are two dominant factors accelerate the establishment of fiqih siyah in Medina, namely the presence of the Prophet and his teachings responded to the situation of social, economics, politics and culture of people in Medina at that time. In addition, other factor support the sustainability and stability of fiqih siyah is strong motivation among Moeslims to preserve and develop Islamic politics.

Keywords: State, Government, Islamic politics, Fiqih Siyah