Distingsi Trilogi Hukum Terhadap Legalisasi Poligami Masyarakat Madura

Sumarkan Sumarkan, Ifa Mutitul Choiroh, Basar Dikuraisyin

Abstract


The issue of polygamy always gives rise to dualism in different contexts of understanding. On the one hand, the permissibility of polygamy has fair conditions that humans cannot do. But on the other hand, there is a value of humanism inherent in the practice of polygamy, which elevates the degree and dignity of women. The female population and high divorce rate cause many widows and abandoned children, thus requiring comprehensive research on polygamy. This study uses a qualitative approach where data is taken from polygamists, young Kiai, and the Pamekasan Regency DPRD as drafters of the Raperda, as well as primary data. Two findings were produced, namely, first, the practice of community polygamy was influenced by the social structure, namely 1) hereditary genetic factors 2) trying to save the fate of widowed women and their children 3) carrying out for legal reasons. Second, the results of the analysis found 1) legally speaking, the practice of polygamy in Pamekasan complies with the provisions of Articles 4 and 5 of Law no. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage and Articles 57 and 58 KHI No. 1 the year 1991; 2) sociologically, the practice of polygamy has entered the space of the social structure, its presence has an effect on creating social order; 3) the practice of polygamy aims to create maslahah and reject mafsadah.

Persoalan poligami selalu melahirkan dualisme konteks pemahaman yang berbeda. Satu sisi, kebolehan poligami memiliki syarat adilyang tidak akan mampu dilakukan oleh manusia. Namun disisi lain, terdapat nilai humanisme yang melakat dalam praktik poligami yakni mengangkat derajat dan martabat perempuan. Populasi perempuan dan angka perceraian yang tinggi, menyebabkan banyak janda dan anak terlantar, sehingga memerlukan penelitian komprehensif tentang poligami. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dimana data diambil dari pelaku poligami, kiai muda dan DPRD Kabupaten Pamekasan sebagai perumus Raperda, sekaligus sebagai data primer. Dihasilkan dua temuan yaitu pertama praktik poligami masyarakat dipengaruhi oleh struktur sosial yaitu 1) faktor genetikal secara turun temurun 2) berupaya menyelamatkan nasib perempuan janda dan anak-anaknya 3) dilakukan karena alasan legal. Kedua, hasil analisis menemukan 1) secara yuridis, praktik poligami di Pamekasan telah sesuai dengan ketentuan Pasal 4 dan 5 UU No. 1 tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan dan Pasal 57 dan 58 KHI No. 1 tahun 1991; 2) secara sosiologis, praktik poligami telah memasuki ruang struktur sosial, keberadaannya berpengaruh untuk menciptakan keteraturan sosial; 3) praktik poligami bertujuan untuk menciptakan maslahah dan menolak mafsadat.


Keywords


Practice of polygamy; Juridical; Sociological; Maslahah.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/yudisia.v13i2.16216

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