The Influence of Fatwas Regarding Illegitimate Children at The Courts in Indonesia
Abstract
One of the complex and important issues in the context of Islamic family law is the phenomenon of illegitimate children. Among the institutions recognized by society as providing solutions through fatwas (decision) are the Indonesian Islamic Scholars Council (MUI), Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), and Muhammadiyah. This paper aims to explore and analyze this issue in more depth, presenting a perspective that includes aspects of law and society that are manifest in a fatwa, as well as summarizing the significance of the fatwa for decisions in court. This paper uses a qualitative normative approach in the form of library research and analysis of documents in the form of fatwas and decisions that quote fatwas as ratio decidendi. Several decisions use this fatwa as a source of material law because there is no explanation regarding the civil rights given to illegitimate children from their biological fathers in the Constitutional Court decisions or other regulations. In several decisions, fatwas are used by judges in the ratio decidendi decisions in Indonesia. However, the result is that there is disparity in decisions due to differences in the judges' interpretation of the fatwa they use.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Books
Amin, M. (2017). Fatwa dalam Sistem Hukum Islam. eLSAS.
Journals
Andayani, D. P., Sinaulan, R. L., & Felicitas, S. M. (2023). Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Anak Luar Kawin yang Disembunyikan Identitasnya oleh Pewaris Terkait Bagian Warisannya Menurut Hukum Perdata. SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, 2(9), https://doi.org/10.55681/sentri.v2i9.1489
Anisa, L. N. (2022). Status Hak Anak Diluar Nikah Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia (RI) Nomor:46/PUU-VIII/2012. Investama: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 7(1), https://ejournal.iaingawi.ac.id/index.php/investama/article/view/625
Aris Setiyanto, D. (2022). Fatwa Sebagai Media Social Engineering (Analisis Fatwa MUI di Bidang Hukum Keluarga Pasca Reformasi) | Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum. 3 (1) https://doi.org/10.22515/al-ahkam.v3i1.1342
Asnawi, H. S. (2013). Politik Hukum Putusan MK No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 Tentang Status Anak di Luar Nikah: Upaya Membongkar Positivisme Hukum Menuju Perlindungan HAM. Jurnal Konstitusi, 10(2), 239–260. https://doi.org/10.31078/jk1023.
Asnawi, H. S. (2016). Dasar Hukum Hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Memutuskan Perkara NO.46/PUUVIII/2010 tentang Status Hukum Anak di Luar Nikah (Perspektif Hukum Islam Dan Hak Asasi Manusia). Fikri : Jurnal Kajian Agama, Sosial Dan Budaya, 1(1), 45–78. https://doi.org/10.25217/jf.v1i1.7
Ayu, I., Pratiwi, P., Sudiatmaka, K., & Sanjaya, B. S., (2022). Kedudukan Hak Waris Anak Luar Kawin Ditinjau dari Pasal 863 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (KUHPERDATA)(STUDI KASUS DESA Batuagung Jembrana, Jurnal Komunitas Yustisia, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.23887/jatayu.v5i1.45931
Aziiz, C. I., Dirksen, A. G. N., & Atmadja, I. B. P. (2013). Implikasi Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 46/PUU-VIII/2010 Tentang Kedudukan Anak Luar Kawin Terhadap Kompilasi Hukum Islam. Kertha Semaya, 1(04). https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/kerthasemaya/article/view/5260.
Baharuddin, A. Z. (2019). Review terhadap Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Tentang Status Anak di Luar Nikah. Al-’Adl, 12(1), 154–166. http://dx.doi.org/10.31332/aladl.v12i1.1388.
Farahi, A., & Ramadhita, R. (2016). Keadilan bagi Anak Luar Kawin dalam Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 46/PUU-VIII/2010. De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syar’iah, 8(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.18860/j-fsh.v8i2.3778
Fauzi, N. A. F. (2017). Fatwa di Indonesia: Perubahan Sosial, Perkembangan dan Keberagamaan. Jurnal Hukum Novelty, 8(1), https://doi.org/10.26555/novelty.v8i1.a5524
Fitriyah, Parnomo, B., & Hidayati, R. (2023). Putusan MK No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 tentang Status Anak di Luar Nikah dan Fatwa MUI No. 11 Tahun 2012 dalam Perspektif Maqashid Syari’ah Al-Khamsah. Jurnal MercatoriA, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.31289/mercatoria.v16i1.8929
Fox, S. (2023). Illegitimacy: Family & Stigma in England, 1660–1834. Women's History Review, 32, 922-923. https://doi.org/10.1080/09612025.2023.2240525
Ilhami, H. (2018). Kontribusi Fatwa MUI No.11 Tahun 2012 Tentang Anak Hasil Zina Dan Perlakuan Terhadapnya Dalam Hukum Keluarga Islam Di Indonesia. Mimbar Hukum - Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gadjah Mada, 30(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.22146/jmh.29048
Lust, K. (2020). Bitter Fruits of “A Merry Life?” Survival Chances of Children Born Out of Wedlock in Nineteenth-century Rural Estonia. Journal of Family History, 45, 20-38. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363199019881476
Muhibbin, Moch. (2022). Implikasi Hukum Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Terhadap Perlindungan Hak Perempuan dan Anak. Yudisia : Jurnal Pemikiran Hukum Dan Hukum Islam, 13(2), 199–216. 10.21043/yudisia.v13i2.15754
Pratomo, H. (2020). Transformasi Metode Bahtsul Masail Nu Dalam Berinteraksi Dengan Al-Qur’an. Jurnal Lektur Keagamaan, 18(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.31291/jlk.v18i1.620
Rahbari, L. (2022). Marriage, Parentage and Child Registration in Iran: Legal Status of Children of Unmarried Parents. Social Sciences. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/socsci11030120
Roibin, R. (2000). Islam dan HAM: Tarik Menarik antara Absolutisme dan Relativisme. el Harakah: Jurnal Budaya Islam, 2(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.18860/el.v2i1.4723
Trisna, P., Windari, R. A., & ... (2018). Implementasi Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2013 Tentang Administrasi Kependudukan Dalam Penerbitan Akta Kelahiran Anak Luar Kawin Di Dinas …. Jurnal Komunitas …. https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/jatayu/article/view/28738
Utomo, N. C. H., & Fakhruddin, F. (2017). Penyerapan Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional Dalam Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Tentang Pasar Modal Syariah. Journal of Islamic Business Law, 1(3), Article 3. http://urj.uin-malang.ac.id/index.php/jibl/article/view/503
Yasin, I. F. (2016). Analysis of Constitutional Court Decision No. 46 /PUU-VIII / 2010 on Judical Review Act No. 1 of 1974 in The Concept Laqith and Wasiat Wajibah. Jurnal SMART (Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi), 2(01), Article 01. https://doi.org/10.18784/smart.v2i01.300
Others
Direktori Putusan. (n.d.). Retrieved 24 December 2024, from https://putusan3.mahkamahagung.go.id/search.html?q=%22Fatwa+MUI+Nomor+11+Tahun+2012%22
Fatwa MUI Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 Tentang Kedudukan Anak Hasil Zina Dan Perlakuan Terhadapnya.
Majelis Ulama Indonesia. (2011). Himpunan Fatwa MUI Sejak 1975. Erlangga.
PBNU: Tidak Ada Lembaga Fatwa Otoritatif di Indonesia | NU Online. (n.d.). Retrieved 7 November 2023, from https://nu.or.id/nasional/pbnu-tidak-ada-lembaga-fatwa-otoritatif-di-indonesia-UCbFN
PBNU: Tidak Boleh Ada Lembaga Berfatwa Selain MA | NU Online. (n.d.). Retrieved 7 November 2023, from https://www.nu.or.id/nasional/pbnu-tidak-boleh-ada-lembaga-berfatwa-selain-ma-Y8vSH
Status Nasab dan Hak Waris Anak di Luar Nikah. (n.d.). NU Online. Retrieved 7 November 2023, from https://islam.nu.or.id/bahtsul-masail/status-nasab-dan-hak-waris-anak-di-luar-nikah-CIiIy
Susunan Lengkap Pengurus LBM PBNU 2022-2027. (n.d.). NU Online. Retrieved 7 November 2023, from https://www.nu.or.id/nasional/susunan-lengkap-pengurus-lbm-pbnu-2022-2027-QPNa5
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/yudisia.v15i2.25015
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2024 YUDISIA : Jurnal Pemikiran Hukum dan Hukum Islam
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Address: Yudisia Research Center, Department of Islamic Family Law, Sharia Faculty, IAIN Kudus; Jl. Conge Ngembalrejo, Ngembal Rejo, Ngembalrejo, Kec. Bae, Kabupaten Kudus, Jawa Tengah 59322