Studi Konstelasi Peradaban Arab dari Kitab Suwar Al-Kawakib Al-Thabita Menggunakan Software Stellarium

Hariyadi Putraga, Arwin Juli Rakhmadi, Muhammad Hidayat, Muhammad Dimas Firdaus

Abstract


Constellations originating from Arab civilization are still very little known and studied. Kitab Al-Kawakibal-Thabitahal-Sufi contains stars that include star coordinates and approximate magnitudes, as well as star details with their graphs. This study aims to examine the differences in the number of stars in the constellation samples, compare the visual appearance of the illustrations on the Stellarium software and study the differences in the shapes of the western constellations and the Arab constellations. This research is a literature study by analyzing data on the number of stars, their position, and presentation of the constellations written by al-Sufi in his work Al-Kawakib Al-Thabita SuwarThe number of stars in the sample constellations, the difference in illustration comes from the orientalization of the figures and at first glance, the magnitudes of the stars in al-Ṣūfi's works are similar to those of Ptolemy's. Al-Sufi identified a total of 134 additional stars, 65 stars located in the North constellation, 41 stars in the Zodiac constellation, and 28 stars in the Southern constellation. His observations show that the magnitude values of 520 stars out of a total of 1022 stars are identical between al-Sufi and Ptolemy. Stellarium provides an excellent visual presentation of the depiction of constellations in Arab civilization according to the book by al-Sufi.

Konstelasi yang berasal dari peradaban Arab masih sedikit sekali dikenal dan dipelajari. Kitab al-Kawakib al-Thabitah karya Al-Ṣūfi berisi bintang yang mencantumkan koordinat bintang dan perkiraan magnitudo, serta detail bintang dengan grafiknya. Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk mengkaji perbedaan jumlah bintang pada sampel konstelasi, membandingkan tampilan visual ilustrasinya pada software Stellarium dan mempelajari perbedaan bentuk konstelasi barat dan konstelasi Arab. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian Pustaka dengan melakukan analisis data jumlah bintang, posisi dan penyajian rasi bintang yang dituliskan oleh al-sufi dalam karyanya Suwar Al-Kawakib Al-Thabita. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan antara konstelasi dari buku Almagest dan kitab al-Kawakibal-Thabitah berupa perbedaan jumlah bintang pada konstelasi sampel, perbedaan ilustrasi berasal dari orientalisasi figur dan Sepintas besar magnitude bintang-bintang pada karya al-Ṣufi mirip dengan karya Ptolemy. Al-Sufi mengidentifikasi secara total jumlah 134 bintang tambahan, 65 bintang terletak di rasi bintang Utara, 41 bintang in rasi bintang Zodiac dan 28 bintang di rasi bintang Selatan. Pengamatannya menunjukkan bahwa nilai magnitudo 520 bintang dari total 1022 bintang yang identik antara Al-Sufi dan Ptolemy. Stellarium memberikan sajian visual yang sangat baik terhadap penggambaran konstelasi pada peradaban Arab menurut kitab karya Al-Sufi.


Keywords


Constellation; Arab Civilization; Al-Sufi; Stellarium.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/yudisia.v13i2.16965

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