Hashemites’ Custodianship of Jerusalem Islamic Holy Sites
Abstract
This study aims to demonstrate the Jordanian Hashemites’ custodianship of the Islamic sanctities in Jerusalem and their role in preserving its Islamic identity from the attempts of Judaization exposed by the Israeli State. The reigns of his Majesty King Abdullah I and King Hussein (kings of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan) were taken as a model for the study, by presenting the most prominent services provided to Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, such as restoration, renovation, rebuilding, and providing financial and non-financial support to these sanctities. The study concludes that the Hashemites’ custodianship of the Islamic sanctities in Jerusalem was not only connected with the Jordanian-Palestinian relations, but also came out of the Hashemites’ faith in their religious and national duty to preserve Jerusalem identity and stand in the face of any attempt to Judaize, control and divide Jerusalem. This custody began since the era of Sharif Hussein bin Ali and it has continued to the present time.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abu Olbah, M., & Al-Khammash, N. (1998). The high pronunciation of his Majesty King Hussein bin Talal (1952-1988) on the affairs of Al-Quds Al-Sharif and the Holy Sites. Jordan: National Library.
Al Zuraigat, F. S. (2021). The Jordanian political strategy in preserving Islamic and Christian holy sites in Palestine (Jerusalem-a case study). Psychology and Education Journal, 58(5), 2481-2497. http://www.psychologyandeducation.net/pae/index.php/pae/article/view/5797
Al-Abadi, A. (1998). The Hashemite care of Jerusalem and the Islamic sanctuaries in it. Jordan: Ministry of Youth.
Al-Abadi, A. (2009). The role of the ministry of Islamic endowments, Islamic affairs and holy sanctuaries in preserving the holy places in Jerusalem. Library Message Journal, 44(4), 111-142.
Al-Adayleh, A. M. (2007). Jerusalem, the gateway to the Middle East for peace. Jordan: Dar Al-Shorouk for Publishing and Distribution. https://books.google.jo/books?id=SrRTDwAAQBAJ
Al-Dustour Jordanian Newspaper. (1988). Issue: August 2, 1988.
Al-Fani, I. (2011). Mosaic of the Dome of the Rock. Jordan: Al-Yazuri Scientific Publishing and Distribution House.
Al-Hadid, M. (2015). The reality and future of Jordanian policy towards the city of Jerusalem and its holy sites in the light of the settlement projects. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Middle East University, Jordan. https://meu.edu.jo/libraryTheses/586b5483742b5_1.pdf
Al-Hussein Bin Talal. (1978). My profession as a King: Royal conversations. Jordan: Jordan Press.
Al-Kasasbeh, M. (2018). The role of the Hashemites in the reconstruction of Islamic sanctities from the point of view of Jordanian university students’ in the course of the National Education course. Al-Quds Open University Journal for Humanitarian and Social Research, 47(1), 47-65. https://0a106dghj-y-https-web-p-ebscohost-com.bau.proxy.coe
Al-Khatib, E. (1991). Report on the project of reconstruction and maintenance of the Dome of the Rock Mosque in the city of Jerusalem. Jordan: Al-Aqsa Mosque reconstruction committee.
Al-Madhi, M., & Musa, S. (1959). History of Jordan in the twentieth century. Jordan: Al Mohtaseb Library.
Al-Midfa’i, M. (1993). Jordan and the war of peace. Jordan: Barhouma Library for Publishing and Distribution.
Al-Musa, S. (1995). The history of Jordan in the twentieth century (1958-1955). Jordan: Al Mohtaseb Library.
Al-Qaisi, M. (2008). Jordan’s domestic and national attitudes towards the Palestinian cause. Jordan: National Library.
Al-Sayegh, Y. (1987). Jordan and the Palestinians. UK: Riyadh Al-Rayes for Books and Publishing. https://www.neelwafurat.com/itempage.aspx?id=lbb32981-31249& search=books
Al-Shafi’i, H., Al-Kilany, k. & Al-Shwary, S. (1970). The reform and reconstruction of the Dome of the Rock building. Egypt: Ministry of Housing and Utilities.
Al-Smadi, S. (1997). The Hashemite care of the Islamic sanctuaries. Jordan: Military Press.
Al-Zabin, A. (1993). Jerusalem in the eyes of the Hashemites. Jordan: The National Library.
Ashton, N. (2008). King Hussein of Jordan. Yale University Press. https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.12987/9780300142518/html
Blackwell, S. (2013). British military intervention and the struggle for Jordan: King Hussein, Nasser and the Middle East Crisis, 1955–1958. Routledge. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=c_Hashemite+care+of+Islamic+holy+sites+in+Jerusalem
Fildis, A. T., & Nisanci, E. (2019). British Colonial Policy “Divide and Rule”: Fanning Arab Rivalry in Palestine. UMRAN-International Journal of Islamic and Civilizational Studies, 6(1), 15-30. https://scholar.archive.org/work/26gszivmgjgq5jeggpt2aywde4/access/wayback/https://jurnalumran.utm.my/index.php/umran/article/download/234/pdf
Gada, M. Y. (2017). Rethinking The Impact Of The Crusades On The Muslim-Christian Thought And Development. QIJIS (Qudus International Journal of Islamic Studies), 5(2). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/qijis.v5i2.2259
Jordan Times (December 2, 2020). Hashemite custodianship of Jerusalem’s holy sites a noble duty http://jordantimes.com/
Jordanian Media Committee. (1994). Peace treaty between the Hashemites Kingdom of Jordan and the State of Israel October 26, 1994. Vol. 8, 2nd Edition, Amman, Jordan. http://jij.gov.jo/ar/content/%D9%85%D8
Kanaan, A. (2009). The role of the Hashemites in defending the city of Jerusalem and its holy sites, Royal Committee for Jerusalem Affairs. Sixth International Forum on Jerusalem Religion and History, held at the Royal Hotel, Amman, Jordan, on 11-12/11/2009.
Kattan, V. (2020). The special role of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in the Muslim Holy Shrines in Jerusalem. Arab Law Quarterly, 35(5), 503-548. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/15730255-BJA10031
Katz, K. (2005). Jordanian Jerusalem: Holy places and national spaces. Gainesville: University Press of Florida. https://scholar.archive.org/work/2v42f7vrtvgbzho6zvu74k5po4/access/wayback
King Abdullah I. (1979). The complete antiquities of King Abdullah: An era of Jordan’s history. Lebanon: United House. https://books.google.com/books/about
King Abdullah II Official Website. https://kingabdullah.jo/en
Mahafzah, A. (1973). Jordanian-British relations from the establishment of the Emirate until the abolition of the British Treaty (1921-1957). Lebanon: Dar Al-Nahar for Publishing.
Mahafzah, A. (1988). Ten years of armed struggle, collection of speeches of his Majesty King Hussein bin Talal (1977-1987). Jordan: Jordan Book Center.
Mahasis, N. S. (2011). Hashemites’ loyalty: Wonderful paintings of the struggle and struggle of the free Hashemites between 1936-1999. Jordan: Zahran Publishing and Distribution House.
Mahasneh, H. (2019). The efforts of King Abdullah II Bin Al Hussein to protect Islamic sanctities. World Science, 52 (12), 28-37. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30122019/6837
Najim, R. (1984). The restoration of Al-Aqsa Mosque, the Honorable Rock and the Dome of the Rock in Al-Quds Al-Sharif. Journal of Arab Capitals and Cities, 2(4), 41-48.
Najim, R. (1994). The Hashemites reconstruction in Jerusalem. Jordan: Dar Al-Beira for Printing, Publishing and Distribution.
Najim, R. (2008). The role of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in preserving the Waqf (Islamic endowments) buildings in Jerusalem. Palestine Journal, 3(7), 570-588.
Omeish, S. (2010). History of Jordanian-Palestinian relations (1916-1988). Jordan: Dar Ward Jordan for Publishing and Distribution.
Reiter, Y. (2019). Jerusalem: Hashemite quest for legitimacy. In The Palgrave Handbook of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (pp. 295-309). Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-9166-8_18
Sway, M. A. (2017). A noble Hashemite custodianship undermined. Palestine-Israel Journal of Politics, Economics, and Culture, 22(4/1), 31-36. https://search.proquest.com/openview/9429d6401134da5f143199a2a1b99b35/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=26627
Tahboub, N. (1994). Jordanian foreign policy and the search for peace. Jordan: Al-Quds Press.
Tayfur, A. (2009). Jerusalem in Jordanian politics from 1967-1999. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Yarmouk University, Jordan). https://search.mandumah.com/Record/719819
The Jewish Colonial Settlement in Jerusalem. https://rcja.org.jo/%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8/thejewish-colonial-settlement-in-jerusalem/
The Jordanian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. www.mfa.gov.jo
The Royal Committee for Jerusalem Affairs. https://rcja.org.jo/
Zahran, I., & Al-Amayreh, S. (2000). His Majesty King Abdullah II Bin Al-Hussein and the Hashemite reconstruction of Jerusalem and the Holy. Jordan: Amman Press.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/qijis.v10i1.7873
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.