PEMIKIRAN NASIONALISME ARAB GAMAL ABDEN NASSER DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP PERSATUAN UMAT ISLAM DI MESIR

Abstract

Kekacauan yang ditandai oleh tindakan anarkisme, otoritarianisme, dan vandalisme, seperti terjadinya pembunuhan atas tokoh politik, penangkapan para demonstran, penembakan orang tak dikenal, penangkapan terhadap orang yang belum diketahui kesalahannya, penculikan, pembungkaman terhadap media massa, serta penjatuhan vonis terhadap seseorang yang tidak bersalah menunjukkan sebuah potret negara yang belum demokratis. Hal ini terjadi di negara Mesir, yang diakibatkan oleh dua konsep yang sulit menyatu di hati masyarakat Mesir, yaitu nation dan ukhuwah. Ide nasionalisme tumbuh sejak digelorakan oleh Mustafa Kamil pada abad ke-19, sementara gerakan ukhuwah Islamiyyah dipelopori kaum tradisionalis agamis seperti Hassan al-Bana. Kemudian kaum nasionalis mengalami kekuatan luar biasa sejak kemunculan tokoh nasionalisme Arab, yaitu Jenderal Gamal Abden Nasser. Pada masanya, Mesir diubah namanya menjadi al-Jumhu>riyyah al-Arabiyyah (Republik Persatuan Arab). Ide nasionalisme yang digelorakan Nasser mendapat simpati besar di kalangan modernis muslim, sekaligus menaikkan harga diri bangsa Arab di tengah-tengah invansi Israel ke Palestina. Namun, masih banyak menyisakan PR bagi negeri Mesir secara makro, sehingga idenya belum bisa dinikmati masyarakat muslim di negara itu dan oleh bangsa Arab pada umumnya.

Kata Kunci: Nasionalisme, Persatuan Umat.

THE THINKING OF ARABIC NATIONALISM GAMAL ABDEN NASSER AND ITS IMPLICATIONS TO THE MOSLEM UNION IN EGYPT. The turmoils marked by acts of anarchism, authoritarianism, and vandalism, such as the assassination of political leaders, the arrest of demonstrators, strangers shooting, the media silencing, and the verdict against an innocent person. This shows a portrait of a country that is not democratic. Further, this proves that the system of militarism in its various forms will not resolve the problems faced by the society. There are two concepts that are difficult to be fused at the heart of Egyptian society, the nation and ukhuwah. Since its inception in 1948 up to the present time, the battle of the both sides are not finished. The idea of nationalism has been growing for a long time in the land of Firaun, especially since it was inflamed by Mustafa Kamil in the 19th century and then continuously get sympathy in the hearts of local people. The idea of nationalism which was inflamed by Nasser gets a great sympathy among the Muslim modernists and increasing the self-esteem of Arabs in the middle of the invasion of Israel to Palestine. Unfortunately, there are still a lot of responsibilties for Egypt globally in which the idea cannot be enjoyed by the Muslim community in that country and the Arabs in general.

Keywords: Nationalism, Islam Unity.