PENGEMBANGAN NASIONALISME KEAGAMAAN SEBAGAI STRATEGI PENANGANAN POTENSI RADIKALISME ISLAM TRANSNASIONAL

Muh. Khamdan

Abstract


This paper proves that the reduction of the religious radicalism can run either through the development of movement and discourse based on the religious nationalism. The violence in the name of religion by transnational Islamic movement developed along with the development of the expression freedom in Indonesia, which seeks to replace the state ideology, Pancasila. This paper uses the approach of conflict theory and social identity theory in analyzing the potential radicalism in society.

Keywords


Radicalism; Religious Nationalism; Pancasila; Transnational Islam

References


‘Abid al-Jābiri, Muhammad Qadaya al-Fikr al-‘Arābi: al-Mas-alah al-Thaqāfiyyah, Beirut: Markaz Dirȃsah al-Wahidah al-‘Arābiyyah, 1994.

A. Sirry, Mun’im, Membendung Militansi Agama: Iman dan Politik dalam Masyarakat Modern, Jakarta: Erlangga, 2003.

Abegebriel, A. Maftuh, dkk (Ed), Negara Tuhan: The Thematic Encyclopedia, Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2003.

Abou el-Fadl, Khaled, The Great Theft: Wrestling Islam from the Extremists, New York: harperSan Fransisco, 2005.

Adisaputra, Asep, Imam Samudra Berjihad, Cet. 1, Jakarta: Grafika Indah, 2006.

an-Nabhānī, Taqiyuddīn Daulah Islam, Terj. Umar Faruq, Jakarta Selatan: HTI Press, 2009.

Ayubi, Nazih, Political Islam: Religion and Politics in the Arab World, London and New York: Routledge, 1991.

Aziz, Abdul, Chiefdom Madinah: Salah Paham Negara Islam, Jakarta: Pustaka Alvabet, 2011.

Azra, Azyumardi, Jaringan Ulama Timur Tengah dan Kepulauan Nusantara Abad XVII dan XVIII, Cet. I, Bandung: Penerbit Mizan, 1994.

Azzam, Abdullah, Runtuhnya Khilafah dan Upaya Menegakkannya, Solo: Pustaka Al-Haq, 2002.

Blanchard, Christopher M, ‘Al-Qaeda: Statements and Evolving Ideology, Congressional Research Service Report for Congress, 2005.

Feillard, Andree, NU vis-à-vis Negara: Pencarian Isi, Bentuk, dan Makna, Yogyakarta: LKiS, 1995.

Gunaratna, Rohan, Inside Al-Qaeda, Global Network of Terror, New York: Columbia University Press, 2002.

H. Purwanto, Wawan, Terorisme Ancaman Tiada Akhir: Bahaya dan Strategi Pemberantasan di Indonesia, Cet. II, Jakarta: Grafindo Khazanah Ilmu, 2004.

Hitti, Philip K, History of The Arabs, London: The Macmilan Press LTD, 1974.

Ibn Hazm, Abu Muhammad, al-Ih}kām fī Us}ūl al-Ah}kām, Vol. 1, Beirut: Dār al-Afaq al-Jadīdah, 1980.

Imām al-Wāḥidi, Asbāb al-Nuzūl, Kairo: Dār al-Ḥadīth, 2003.

Imron, Ali, Ali Imron Sang Pengebom, Cet. 1, Jakarta: Republika, 2007.

Jurgensmayer, Mark, Terror in the Mind of God: The Global Rise of Religious Violence, California: University of California Press, 2001.

Khamdan, Muh,Bina Damai Terorisme, Kudus: Parist, 2015.

M. Lutz, James dan Brenda J. Luts, Global Terrorism, London: Routledge, 2004.

Mansur Suryanegara, Ahmad, Api Sejarah, Bandung: Grafindo Media Pratama, 2013.

Maschan Moesa, Ali, Nasionalisme Kiai: Konstruksi Sosial Berbasis Agama. Jogjakarta: LKiS, 2007.

Misrawi, Zuhairi, Al-Qur’an Kitab Toleransi: Inklusivisme, Pluralisme, dan Multikulturalisme, Jakarta: Penerbit Fitrah, 2007.

Misrawi, Zuhairi, Madinah: Kota Suci, Piagam Madinah, dan Teladan Muhammad SAW, Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kompas, 2009.

Moreh, Shmuel, (terj), Napoleon in Egypt: Al-Jabarti’s Chronicle of The French Occupation, 1798, Princeton: Marcus Wiener Publishing, 1993.

Muhammad ibn Jarīr al-Ṭabarī, Abī Ja’far, Tārīkh al-Tabarī: Tārikh al-Rasūl wa al-Muluk, juz III, Kairo: Dār al-Ma’ārif, 1963.

Mun’im al-Hafni, Abdul, Ensiklopedia Golongan, Kelompok, Aliran, Mazhab, Partai dan Gerakan Islam, Jakarta: Grafindo, 1999.

Oentoro, Jimmy, Indonesia Satu, Indonesia Beda, Indonesia Bisa, Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2010.

Onggang Parlindungan, Mangaraja, Pongkinangolngolan Sinambela Gelar Tuanku Rao: Teror Agama Islam Mazhab Hambali di Tanah Batak 1816-1833, Yogyakarta: LKiS, 2007.

Rabasa, Angel M The Muslim World After 9/11, Arlington: The RAND Corporation, 2004.

Ramakrishna, Kumar, “Delegitimizing Global Jihadi Ideology in Southeast Asia” Contemporary Southeast Asia, Vol. 27, No. 3 Desember 2005.

Roy, Olivier, Genealogi Islam Radikal, Yogyakarta: Genta Press, 2005.

Said Ali, As’ad, Al-Qaeda: Tinjauan Sosial-Politik, Ideologi dan Sepak Terjangnya, Jakarta: LP3ES, 2014.

Samudra, Imam, Aku Melawan Terorisme, Solo: al-Jazera, 2004.

Shihab, M. Quraish, Wawasan Al-Qur’an: Tafsir Maudhu’i atas Pelbagai Persoalan Umat, Bandung: Penerbit Mizan, 2003.

Sjarifudin TJ, Amir, Minangkabau Dari Dinasti Iskandar Zulkarnain Sampai Imam Bonjol, Jakarta: Gria Media Prima, 2014.

Umar, Nasaruddin, Deradikalisasi Pemahaman Al-Qur’an dan Hadis, Jakarta: Elex Media Komputindo, 2014.

Wahid, Abdurrahman (Ed), Ilusi Negara Islam: Ekspansi Gerakan Islam Transnasional di Indonesia, Jakarta: Gerakan Bhineka Tunggal Ika, The Wahid Institute dan Maarif Institute, 2009.

Wardlaw, Grant , Political Terrorism, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1986.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/addin.v10i1.1135

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2016 ADDIN

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Indexed by:

 data:image/png;base64,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 

  

ADDIN by Research Center of State Institute for Islamic Studies (IAIN) Kudus, Indonesia is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.